Multifunction Gadget With Multiple Configurations Driver Download

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Multifunction Gadget With Multiple Configurations Driver Downloads

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gadgetconfig creates and controls Gadget USB Devices and integrates Gadget with systemd

Project description

Stuart Lynne

Multifunction gadget with multiple configurations driver download 64-bitMultifunction Gadget With Multiple Configurations Driver Download

Thu Apr 09 23:46:27 PDT 2020

This package contains tools for configuring Gadget USB Devices and integrating with systemd.

It relies on the Gadget ConfigFS module libcomposite to create and manage Gadget USB Devices.

Installation

To install:

To uninstall:

If you have trouble getting it installed you can try:

N.B. --no-binary is needed with recent versions of pip to cope with a bug.C.f. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40588634/how-to-install-data-files-to-absolute-path

Gadget USB Device Overview

With

The Gadget USB Device implementation has three layers when using the new libcompositedriver:

  • Function Drivers, e.g. usb_f_acm, usb_f_ecm, usb_f_eem
  • LibComposite, for selecting and configuring the device to use the Function Drivers
  • UDC, to connect the Function Drivers to the underlying USB Device Controller hardware

The libcomposite implementation allows the USB Device configuration to be specified ad hocand changed as needed.

A USB Device definition contains:

  • idVendor, idProduct, bcdDevice and other attributes
  • one of more configurations
  • a list of functions that configurations may use
  • strings describing the device

Each configuration contains:

  • attributes
  • list of functions to be used
  • strings describing the configuration

Systemd Integration

A gadget.service file is installed which will use the following to start and stopthe gadget service:

These rely on a default Gadget Device Definition file being present in:

The service should auto-start when the system is rebooted. The systemctl command can also be used;

See below for more information on Gadget Device Definition files.

Gadget USB Device Lifecycle

The gadgetconfig program uses USB Device definitions stored in JSON files.

When using the Gadget Libcomposite module:

  • Create: gadgetconfig --create gadget-definition.json
  • Enable: gadgetconfig --enable configuration_name
  • Disable: gadgetconfig --disable
  • Destroy: gadgetconfig --destroy

Gadget UDC:

  • Disconnect: gadgetconfig --soft_connect disconnect
  • Connect: gadgetconfig --soft_connect connect

N.B.

  1. Multiple Gadget USB Device Definitions can be created and co-exist.
  2. Only a single Gadget USB Device can be enabled at one time.
  3. Attempting to enable a Gadget USB Device will fail another Gadget Device is enabled.
  4. When enabled a device defaults to attached.
  5. An enabled Gadget Device cannot be removed.
  6. Each of multiple Gadget Devices must be separately removed.

Gadget USB Device Definition File

Gadget USB Device Definition Files are JSON files that contain all of the information to defineone or more USB Device's along with their attributes, strings, os descriptors, functions and configurations.

To download the needed driver, select it from the list below and click at ‘Download’ button. Alcatel hs-usb nmea 9017 (com15) driver manual.

There is a close correspondence between the JSON definition file and the resulting Gadget ConfigFS information.

N.B.

  • multiple USB Device Definitions can be present and can be configured into the GadgetFS
  • multiple USB Device Functions can be specified (from the list of Gadget Functions available)
  • multiple USB Device Configurations can be specified, each with a different set of the available USB Device Functions
  • within a configuration the array of configuration function definitions are used to create the symlinks pointing to the defined functions by the creation process.
  • some entries in ConfigFS functions display Gadget generated data, notably acm port_num and ecm ifname are automatically created and not set from the definition file
  • the os_desc entry rules are specific and designed to support Windows, see the RNDIS example for more information
  • multiple languages can have strings by specifying separate LANG identifiers for each, for both the USB Device Definition and each USB Device Configuration

Example

This defines a composite USB Device called belcarra containing two ACM and one ECM functions. Thereis one configuration called 'Belcarra Composite CDC 2xACM+ECM.1' which will be the default configurationpresented to the host during enumeration.

This is sample file:

We can view the generated Gadget ConfigFS using sysfstree:

Shell script

To facilitate installing Gadget definitions in an early boot environment a Gadget Definition filecan be converted to a simple shell script:

Would produce:

Running Tests

gadgetconfig currently only has doctests.

Run tests with nose::

Run tests with doctest::

Author

Stuart.Lynne@belcarra.comCopyright (c) 2020 Belcarra Technologies (2005) Corp.

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Overview¶

A USB Linux Gadget is a device which has a UDC (USB Device Controller) and canbe connected to a USB Host to extend it with additional functions like a serialport or a mass storage capability.

A gadget is seen by its host as a set of configurations, each of which containsa number of interfaces which, from the gadget’s perspective, are known asfunctions, each function representing e.g. a serial connection or a SCSI disk.

Linux provides a number of functions for gadgets to use.

Creating a gadget means deciding what configurations there will beand which functions each configuration will provide.

Configfs (please see Configfs - Userspace-driven Kernel Object Configuration) lends itself nicelyfor the purpose of telling the kernel about the above mentioned decision.This document is about how to do it.

It also describes how configfs integration into gadget is designed.

Requirements¶

In order for this to work configfs must be available, so CONFIGFS_FS must be‘y’ or ‘m’ in .config. As of this writing USB_LIBCOMPOSITE selects CONFIGFS_FS.

Usage¶

(The original post describing the first functionmade available through configfs can be seen here:http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-usb/msg76388.html)

where CONFIGFS_HOME is the mount point for configfs

1. Creating the gadgets¶

For each gadget to be created its corresponding directory must be created:

e.g.:

Each gadget needs to have its vendor id <VID> and product id <PID> specified:

A gadget also needs its serial number, manufacturer and product strings.In order to have a place to store them, a strings subdirectory must be createdfor each language, e.g.:

Then the strings can be specified:

2. Creating the configurations¶

Each gadget will consist of a number of configurations, their correspondingdirectories must be created:

$ mkdir configs/<name>.<number>

where <name> can be any string which is legal in a filesystem and the<number> is the configuration’s number, e.g.:

Each configuration also needs its strings, so a subdirectory must be createdfor each language, e.g.:

Then the configuration string can be specified:

Some attributes can also be set for a configuration, e.g.:

3. Creating the functions¶

The gadget will provide some functions, for each function its correspondingdirectory must be created:

where <name> corresponds to one of allowed function names and instance nameis an arbitrary string allowed in a filesystem, e.g.:

Each function provides its specific set of attributes, with either read-onlyor read-write access. Where applicable they need to be written to asappropriate.Please refer to Documentation/ABI//configfs-usb-gadget for more information.

4. Associating the functions with their configurations¶

At this moment a number of gadgets is created, each of which has a number ofconfigurations specified and a number of functions available. What remainsis specifying which function is available in which configuration (the samefunction can be used in multiple configurations). This is achieved withcreating symbolic links:

e.g.:

5. Enabling the gadget¶

All the above steps serve the purpose of composing the gadget ofconfigurations and functions.

An example directory structure might look like this:

Such a gadget must be finally enabled so that the USB host can enumerate it.

In order to enable the gadget it must be bound to a UDC (USB DeviceController):

where <udc name> is one of those found in /sys/class/udc/*e.g.:

6. Disabling the gadget¶

7. Cleaning up¶

Remove functions from configurations:

where <config name>.<number> specify the configuration and <function> isa symlink to a function being removed from the configuration, e.g.:

Multifunction Gadget With Multiple Configurations Driver Download 64-bit

Remove strings directories in configurations:

$ rmdir configs/<config name>.<number>/strings/<lang>

e.g.:

and remove the configurations:

e.g.:

Remove functions (function modules are not unloaded, though):

$ rmdir functions/<name>.<instance name>

e.g.:

Remove strings directories in the gadget:

e.g.:

and finally remove the gadget:

e.g.:

Implementation design¶

Below the idea of how configfs works is presented.In configfs there are items and groups, both represented as directories.The difference between an item and a group is that a group can containother groups. In the picture below only an item is shown.Both items and groups can have attributes, which are represented as files.The user can create and remove directories, but cannot remove files,which can be read-only or read-write, depending on what they represent.

Multifunction Gadget With Multiple Configurations Driver Download Windows 7

The filesystem part of configfs operates on config_items/groups andconfigfs_attributes which are generic and of the same type for allconfigured elements. However, they are embedded in usage-specificlarger structures. In the picture below there is a “cs” which containsa config_item and an “sa” which contains a configfs_attribute.

The filesystem view would be like this:

Whenever a user reads/writes the “sa” file, a function is calledwhich accepts a struct config_item and a struct configfs_attribute.In the said function the “cs” and “sa” are retrieved using the wellknown container_of technique and an appropriate sa’s function (show orstore) is called and passed the “cs” and a character buffer. The “show”is for displaying the file’s contents (copy data from the cs to thebuffer), while the “store” is for modifying the file’s contents (copy datafrom the buffer to the cs), but it is up to the implementer of thetwo functions to decide what they actually do.

Multifunction Gadget With Multiple Configurations Driver Download Windows 10

The file names are decided by the config item/group designer, whilethe directories in general can be named at will. A group can havea number of its default sub-groups created automatically.

For more information on configfs please seeConfigfs - Userspace-driven Kernel Object Configuration.

The concepts described above translate to USB gadgets like this:

1. A gadget has its config group, which has some attributes (idVendor,idProduct etc) and default sub-groups (configs, functions, strings).Writing to the attributes causes the information to be stored inappropriate locations. In the configs, functions and strings sub-groupsa user can create their sub-groups to represent configurations, functions,and groups of strings in a given language.

2. The user creates configurations and functions, in the configurationscreates symbolic links to functions. This information is used when thegadget’s UDC attribute is written to, which means binding the gadgetto the UDC. The code in drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c iterates overall configurations, and in each configuration it iterates over allfunctions and binds them. This way the whole gadget is bound.

  1. The file drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c contains code for

    • gadget’s config_group
    • gadget’s default groups (configs, functions, strings)
    • associating functions with configurations (symlinks)

4. Each USB function naturally has its own view of what it wantsconfigured, so config_groups for particular functions are definedin the functions implementation files drivers/usb/gadget/f_*.c.

  1. Function’s code is written in such a way that it uses

usb_get_function_instance(), which, in turn, calls request_module.So, provided that modprobe works, modules for particular functionsare loaded automatically. Please note that the converse is not true:after a gadget is disabled and torn down, the modules remain loaded.

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